Uninsured and Ill, A Woman is Forced to Ration Her Care Essay

Uninsured and Ill, A Woman is Forced to Ration Her Care - Essay Example Kaur, a year old lady who has suffered from glaucoma since she was a child. Hailing from a poor background, we see how her family struggled to take her to an optometrist who through and through prescribed stronger and stronger spectacles. Now a grown, married lady her illness is a crucial problem to her day to day work. Ms. Kaurs access to care for her eye condition has been affected by many situations. Ms. Kaur works in Manhattan newsstand, at her husband’s uncle, she makes $6 an hour, and she works from 6 am to 3 pm without lunch break for seven days a week. In her health condition, she uses glasses to see well. Her annual income when calculate sums up to $16000 per year. This amount does not qualify her or Medicaid or any other government health program for the poor. Occasionally she experiences eye throbbing pain that require medical attention. Her visits to the New York eye and ear infirmary, where she has been treated for glaucoma on and off since 1999, leave her in debt and having exhausted her earnings on medication and other necessities Ms. Kaur, sometimes avoids regular doctor visits. On many occasions, Ms. Kaur acts as her own physician and druggist though it is said that, with lack of professional attention, she may wind up causing a problem in her other eye. The absence of a regular doctor to examine her condition has also been seen as a barrier since she does not receive the free samples that many patients enjoy with regular doctors. A spokes’ woman for allergen explained that pharmaceutical companies have free drug programs for the poor. Ignorance is another barrier to Ms. Kaur health access the fact that she lacks a source of information about the readily available insurance programs for the poor, company programs for the uninsured this would have enabled her to receive xalatans for at least 6 months. Ms. Klau is also faced with cultural barriers, culturally a young woman in India was not allowed to work to make

Jc Penny Essay Example for Free

Jc Penny Essay This is not the first time that this company has been faced with adversity. The first time was in the 1960’s when shopping went from downtown locations to more uptown locations in malls. The company transitioned to mall locations to cope with the change. This time the change did not come easy to the company. In fact this change has cost the company millions. This time JC Penney’s was faced with a challenge that they wanted to change. They wanted to transition the public’s perception of them. They no longer wanted to be viewed as an old fashioned department store. The company no longer wanted sales or clearance racks. They wanted to change the whole retail climate. They called it fair and square pricing (Baskin, 2013). This came off a lot like Wal-Mart’s always low prices campaign. This sounds like a great idea to me. However, it failed for many reasons. The main reason because it was confusing to consumers. While the other main reason being poor marketing. Many people sat in anticipation of this new campaign by JCPenney’s. There were just as many supporters in the beginning as well. When I heard of this I thought of an upscale Wal-Mart. Low prices I do not have to shop for sales anymore because these should be low prices every day. However, very shortly after this I found myself not shopping there at all. Consumers want a deal, and they do not feel that deal when they shop there anymore. It is the thrill of the hunt for consumers. Not only that but the sales ad and clearance racks used to change. They are no longer changing prices so there is no need to go daily, weekly, or even monthly. Customers may check there as a way to show case, but they are not buying. Without the sales and without the sale advertisements the company is not bringing in nearly the amount of people that were coming into the store to score the best deal. Next the advertisements they are sending out are worded poorly. They are no longer doing sales but they do mail out what they called month long value. Customers did not understand the wording of it. It was never broken down for them. Ideally they had sales, but they were not called the standard name. Therefore, customers missed out on them and they were not bringing in the clientele like a â€Å"sale† probably would have. They were not able to embrace JC Penney’s new tactic. Another problem with this campaign is that the average consumer does not know what the clothing costs. Therefore they think it should be or could be marked down. They have no idea if they were getting a good deal or not. Again the thrill of the hunt is gone, and still makes the customers confused. It was confusing to customers and that means there is a problem in marketing. When a place makes changes that could potentially be confusing marketing is the key. However, there advertisements were so irreverent that they made even less sense to begin with. They came up with a campaign after their numbers dropped called â€Å"do the math. † It was supposed to show how much easier it is to just get a low price in the beginning rather than use a coupon. This action failed for the company. The CEO Ron Johnson came out and reported later that â€Å"it was confusing† to some of their consumers (Baskin, 2013). It’s no wonder that they lost customers. They did not target other competitors about their prices just what the company was trying to do. Last but not least they attempted to open little stores inside their stores. It was a Martha Stewart collection like IKEA. Even that failed because Martha Stewart was not able to put her name on it, because she was still in litigation over her brand. So, it was still branded as JC Penney’s. Not that the name would have made much difference, but it was not thoroughly hought out within the company. Also, this is not a new tactic stores have been doing this for years. The renovation of the stores to add in this small store was costly. It has cost the company millions of dollars. It has depleted their cash, and has also caused their credit rating to drop (Baskin, 2013). This was a costly decision to make when sale s were already down. Here is the largest problem that they had they wanted become a high end store in a low end economy. If I were the CEO of JC Penney I would make quite a few changes. My first change would have been to go back to traditional wording for now. These are the words that customers are the most familiar with. I understand that some companies like to do all their changes at once because it is cheaper. However, when you are changing familiar terms it is wise to do it slowly. Or at least explain it as thoroughly as possible. Change is needed as a society, but no one likes change, because of this I feel that they should be done slowly and over a period of time. I would also have changed the price tags on their merchandise. In order to make someone feel like they are getting a deal I would change how they were priced. I would put a suggested retail price and then put â€Å"our† price on the label. This would appear to customers that they were getting a deal. Sales are because the prices are higher than what they need to be. The advertising is all about â€Å"trickery† to pull people in. In reality they were still doing sales but they were not called sales, and people did not buy into it. By changing the price tags on the items the customers are still getting the thrill of the buy. They can see what their item is going for at their competitor’s location, and impulse buy. This helps eliminate â€Å"showroom† shopping. Or leaving to check their prices somewhere else. If it is a matter of a few dollars they will not go back to purchase. However, if they can see the deal they will buy. Instead of focusing on expanding a business inside of an already expanding business I would have spent the money elsewhere. Imagine if they could have established new rules for buyers. Gone back to JC Penney’s original roots and prove their claims. It could have created new financing and lay-away policies that communicated value, and used social media to create meaningful communities of consumers who wanted to track and participate in conversations about prices. Employees could have been recruited and trained to offer a fundamentally new customer experience based on integrity. They could have changed the way Americans shop and feel they should stop. I would not have wasted money on an advertisement that was bewildering. I would have spent money marketing on calling competitors out on their prices. Sharing the news on how Penney’s was changing. How they were forward looking. Instead of making confusing ads with no sales just to avoid the word sale I wouldn’t have tried to stay away from it. Since they were still doing sales but not doing sales on certain items. Limiting the sales options were not the problem the problem was using unfamiliar wording. Measuring some of these techniques could be hard to do. Going back to traditional wording would be one way that is hard to track. However, I believe it would go hand in hand with how you would track the new price tags. That would be sales. With these new changes and advertisements I would think that sales would increase. I would not look at the actual accounting book but do a twelve month comparison on the sales on each individual store. This is time consuming and costly but I think it is the only way to see how each store is doing in comparison to how they were doing the previous month and year. During high sale times I would make sure I would have as much staff as possible on the floor to assist our customers. Maybe they do not need help but a casual conversation can lead into why they came into this department store and not the one across the way. Along with this I would like to institute team meetings once a week where department heads meet with their front line employees on all shifts. To find out their ideas and where they are hearing concerns are. Then I would have them write them up and do a teleconference with each store head to hear these ideas, questions, or concerns. I feel this is an open door policy. I would also include suggestion boxes not only in the store, but in the break room for employees so they could bring these up anonymously if they felt the need to. Also, I would work on getting the contact information to employees for everyone in charge. Change can happen and many great ideas come from the front line, because they see and do it every day. However, their voices are not often heard. To measure the effectiveness of advertising I would do a few things. I would add a survey at the end of their receipt to figure out what they thought about the advertisement. I would also add a quick questionnaire in the store that the customer could fill out. I would also make it known that there is a number they can call at any time with questions. I would make it so that they could be heard with questions and concerns. Before I launched a campaign I would have a test market so that we could see what people could recall from the add, as well as find out if there was any confusion on what may have been advertised. The sales would play a large part also in whether it was an effective campaign. A company that has been operating for 100 years is struggling. JC Penney ’s was once a fashion icon to children, young adults, and teens. Beginning in 1913 it currently operates over 1000 stores. Growing up my sister and I waited to go through their catalogue. However, in the last few years something has changed. The company didn’t look far enough ahead to the future to predict these changes. They tried to become a higher end boutique like store in an economy that could not support it. Poor marketing and too many changes has made this one booming store one of the top ten stores that are predicted to be out of business in the next year. Works Cited Baskin, J. (2013, January 2). Lessons From JC Penneys Doomed Marketing Makeover. Retrieved May 12, 2013 , from Forbes: http://www. forbes. com/sites/jonathansalembaskin/2013/01/02/lessons-from-j-c-penneys-doomed-marketing-makeover/ Tuttle, B. (2012, June 19). More Troubles for JCPenney: Top Executive Departs Amid Sales Slump. Retrieved May 12, 2013, from Time Magazine: http://business. time. com/2012/06/19/more-troubles-for-jcpenney-top-executive-departs-amid-sales-slump/

The Healing Wound :: Vietnam Veterans War Memorial Essays

The Healing Wound It’s a beautiful morning at our nation’s capital. Constitution Gardens is blooming with life. Flowers of red, yellow, and pink bob their heads in the gentle summer breeze. Wise old trees proudly oversee the grassy lawns, while twittering birds scamper about on their strong, sturdy limbs. People talk animatedly as they stroll in small groups along the brown, dusty paths. Children run and jump, stopping occasionally to make quick poses for parents’ snapping cameras. As we walk ahead, we notice a shape taking form on the horizon. It looks like a large gray splinter embedded into the green landscape. As we come closer, we realize how truly large this object is, yet it does not rise up from the earth like other structures in the park. Rather, it sinks down into the lawn, as if its very size were a giant weight upon the land. Now that we are upon it, it looks far more like a gaping black wound than a silver sliver. Its opening begins narrowly and then widens in the middle, tapering off again at the other end. It is very dark, and now that we are close enough to touch it, we see that it is solid and black and hard and dense. The park breezes die here. Adults cease their prattle. Children stop their play. Eerily, even the chatter of birds doesn’t reach this solemn place. All senses tell us that we have entered a sacred site--a place meant for reflection and contemplation. We are at the Vietnam War Memorial. The tip of the gash points to President Lincoln sitting high above and looking out upon us all. In contrast to the giant statue of pristine white, the wall that rises by my foot is so dark that it reflects the ground in which it is burrowed. There are letters inscribed on the wall. They form names. I read: FLOYD LEE WILLIAMS JR. I wonder about Floyd. To most people who come here, his is merely one out of a myriad of names scratched into this cool granite wall. Does anyone know that Floyd was from Northglenn, Colorado, or that he was only 20 years old when he died? How can the thousands of people who see his name here know that he was in Vietnam for only 12 short days? His helicopter was shot down. His life was important, yet his death is only the tip of a great iceberg that chills the hearts of Americans everywhere. There are over 58,000 more names like his listed on these cold slabs. The sleek and stark feel of the memorial is enhanced by the The Healing Wound :: Vietnam Veterans War Memorial Essays The Healing Wound It’s a beautiful morning at our nation’s capital. Constitution Gardens is blooming with life. Flowers of red, yellow, and pink bob their heads in the gentle summer breeze. Wise old trees proudly oversee the grassy lawns, while twittering birds scamper about on their strong, sturdy limbs. People talk animatedly as they stroll in small groups along the brown, dusty paths. Children run and jump, stopping occasionally to make quick poses for parents’ snapping cameras. As we walk ahead, we notice a shape taking form on the horizon. It looks like a large gray splinter embedded into the green landscape. As we come closer, we realize how truly large this object is, yet it does not rise up from the earth like other structures in the park. Rather, it sinks down into the lawn, as if its very size were a giant weight upon the land. Now that we are upon it, it looks far more like a gaping black wound than a silver sliver. Its opening begins narrowly and then widens in the middle, tapering off again at the other end. It is very dark, and now that we are close enough to touch it, we see that it is solid and black and hard and dense. The park breezes die here. Adults cease their prattle. Children stop their play. Eerily, even the chatter of birds doesn’t reach this solemn place. All senses tell us that we have entered a sacred site--a place meant for reflection and contemplation. We are at the Vietnam War Memorial. The tip of the gash points to President Lincoln sitting high above and looking out upon us all. In contrast to the giant statue of pristine white, the wall that rises by my foot is so dark that it reflects the ground in which it is burrowed. There are letters inscribed on the wall. They form names. I read: FLOYD LEE WILLIAMS JR. I wonder about Floyd. To most people who come here, his is merely one out of a myriad of names scratched into this cool granite wall. Does anyone know that Floyd was from Northglenn, Colorado, or that he was only 20 years old when he died? How can the thousands of people who see his name here know that he was in Vietnam for only 12 short days? His helicopter was shot down. His life was important, yet his death is only the tip of a great iceberg that chills the hearts of Americans everywhere. There are over 58,000 more names like his listed on these cold slabs. The sleek and stark feel of the memorial is enhanced by the

American Economy in Today’s World Essay -- essays papers

American Economy in Today’s World It is often wondered how the superpowers achieved their position of dominance. According to time magazine, to be a superpower, a nation needs to have a strong economy, an overpowering military, immense international political power, and related to this, a strong national ideology. Three of the articles that impacted me the most were: As U.S. economy slows down, Profits Rise in Pressure on U.S. Owned Factories in Mexico Border Zone, and last but not least Poverty in American. There is no doubt that the American economy has change dramatically since the 1860’s. The article, â€Å"U.S. Economy slows down; Europe is on the Upswing,† shows that Europe will catch up to the United States in no time. According to The New York Times, the unemployment rate for European Union drop from ten percent to 8.7 percent in less than ten years; that is a growth of 2.3 percent. European markets have become more open and competitive and European companies have follow many Americans practices to help deliver better performance. European governments are lowering taxes, at least modestly. Wage increases have slowed to a edge and labor markets have become more flexible, as companies evade traditional job protection rules by hiring part-time and temporary workers. Christ Rendu, who analyzes European economy; disagrees with the study done by The New York Time. According to Dr. Rendu European economy will never surpass American economy. In any event, Eu...

Downsizing the Human Resources Department Essay

Human Resources Department manager Pat Sutton is requesting the downsizing of the Human Resources Department. Instead of the eight employees already in place, Pat wants the department pared down to five employees. She wants the names of three employees selected to be terminated. There is no other alternative to termination, and the company policy states that there can be no early retirement and no moving laterally to another department. Cost-cutting measures are now requiring that five employees do the work of eight. In addition to the names of the three employees recommended for termination, Pat wants to know what action management should take if any of the three employees decide to file a discrimination case against the company and what the employees would have to prove in order to win a discrimination case. Employees Recommended for Termination Pat, I have chosen the three employees to be terminated based on their skill set, work experience, and job function within the Human Resources department. The three to be terminated are: Diane—she has been with the company for 10 years, and although she is an outstanding worker, her attendance problems have cost the company. Horatio—he has only been with the company for six months, is just learning insurance and health matters, and his skills are marginal at best. Greg—he has been with the company for five years and has shown an ability to quickly learn complex areas of work. However, he has not been trained in tech hiring, and his job skills are just average. Of the three named employees, one is female and two are male. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is the main law of employment that is pertinent to these three employees. Possible Cases of Discrimination against Cost Club There are three different types of discrimination cases that could be file by the three employees. Race discrimination—Horatio could file a case of this type. He is Hispanic and has not quite grasped the English language. He would have to prove that because he is Hispanic and has a limited knowledge of English, the company terminated him. I really do not think that Horatio would win if he decided to file a racial discrimination case against the company. His minimal skills in health and insurance after six months are more than enough reason to terminate him. Gender discrimination—Diane could file a case of this type. Her attendance problems stem from her children’s sicknesses over the years. She would have to prove that her termination stemmed from her being a female and missing work due to her sick children. We may have a tough time if Diane files this type of case against the company. She is an outstanding worker and her only blemishes are her missed days of work due to her sick children. Religious discrimination—Greg could possibly file a case of this type. His religious convictions prevent him from working on Saturday or Sunday. This forces other workers to work weekends more frequently. Greg would have to prove that the company terminated him because his religion keeps him from working on the weekend. Greg would have a hard time winning a discrimination case if he were to file, because his work is just average at best. With regard to each employee’s possible claim of discrimination, the company should prepare itself by carefully looking into each employee’s work performance employee performance appraisals. After all, the company needs to offer the three workers more than just a â€Å"we had to terminate three people and you were one of them† explanation. Failure to promote qualified employees is a form of adverse employment action. Employee performance appraisals provide written documentation and prove the employer acted fairly in terminating an employee. Documenting Performance Improvement Plans (PIPs)  The Performance Improvement Plan (PIP) is intended to smooth the progress of positive conversation involving an employee and his or her manager and to explain the work performance that needs development. The PIP is put into effect, at the choice of the manager, when it is deemed essential to assist an employee in improving his or her performance. This arrangement allows managers to set objectives, determine procedures, manage evaluation meetings, and record development. No particular quantity of time is needed for a worker to adhere to a PIP. As a matter of fact, if no improvements are made, an employee can be terminated after a number of weeks. Performance Improvement Plans have an awful reputation amongst personnel who view them as the last step in terminating employment. This is because numerous companies apply Performance Improvement Plans the wrong way or use them for generating a lawful safety net prior to ending employment. Performance Improvement Plans should only be applied if a manager sincerely believes that the worker possesses the ability to improve. Every other thing is agonizing for the worker and takes up too much time for human resources staff and managers. Regarding human resources personnel and managers, a Performance Improvement Plan is more or less hardly ever fitting. If a supervisor is performing poorly or at a level below standards to necessitate a Performance Improvement Plan, it is very rare that he or she will salvage the needed assurance of subordinate employees or his or her own manager. Human Resource organizations possess more than enough admission to extremely private, unique data. Moreover, because of their place in the organization, the harm to your belief in them and their trustworthiness is almost impossible to overcome. Dispute Resolution Process A dispute resolution process is categorized into two types: adjudicative and consensual. In an adjudicative dispute resolution process, an arbitrator, judge, or jury decides the result of the arbitration or litigation. During a consensual dispute resolution process, such as mediation, collaborative law, negotiation, or conciliation, the participants try to come to an agreement (FITT, 302). For the three employees we are terminating, we would need an adjudicative dispute resolution process. This way, an arbitrator can decide the outcome of the case. Responding to Charges of Discrimination Should we be charged with discrimination from terminated employees, we will follow these steps: 1. Gather documents and evidence but wait to interview witnesses and meet with the company’s legal specialist to decide who must manage the inquiry. It may be essential to run an investigation that we reveal to the examining organization, or it may be more vital to run an investigation that can be suppressed. Nevertheless, we should amass any records which specify what actually happened. If a discrimination claim is made founded on a â€Å"disparate impact,† we will need to collect some simple material concerning the diversity of the company’s workforce. This way, the company’s attorney can determine if that data has any importance statistically. 2. If we opt to prepare a re-tort to the discrimination charges on our own, we should take into account that we have numerous onlookers. Initially, some EEOC offices will send a duplicate of the reply to the terminated worker or his/her legal counsel. If the employee or the EEOC chooses to take legal action, they are apt to attempt to exploit the company’s stance as substantiation in their argument. The simple rule to constantly abide by is to just state the facts. Do not state undesirable points about the terminated worker that are case irrelevant, and be sure to corroborate all testimony with any documents available. We should only give the EEOC additional information if it strengthens the company’s stance. This is my recommendation on who should be terminated and what avenues of approach we should take should any discrimination charges be brought against the company.

Lilac Breasted Roller essays

Lilac Breasted Roller essays Coracias caudata is commonly referred to as the Lilac-breasted Roller, belonging to the taxon: Aves; Coraciiformes (hornbills, kingfishers, rollers); Coraciidae (rollers); Coracias caudata. The Lilac-breasted Roller is a medium sized bird with a lilac breast. Coracias caudata inhabits eastern and southern Africa, including parts of Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, Congo, Namibia, Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Zambabwe, and Malawi. This roller inhabits Acacia savannas with well spaced trees and brushlands. It can be found in open brush coutry wher isolated trees serve as vantage points. The name roller is derived from their acrobatic flights, aerial gymnastics and tumbling during courting rituals. The rollers characteristic rolling is a territorial advertisement usually performed after copulation against intruders or to draw attention away from a nest or chicks. When rolling, the bird flies strongly upward for about thirty feet, then tips forward and falls with closed wings. The roller plummets, picking up speed, occasionally flapping its wings to gain even more speed. It then levels its flight, rolls to the right and then the left. It will do this five or six times in a matter of seconds. The bird may then sweep upwards, close its wings and lose speed until it tips forward into a repeat of the roll sequence. During breeding season, a display can be observed between rival males or a courting pair. The two birds will sit on separate perches near each other and call repeatedly. They will flatten their bodies, lower their heads, raise their crown feathers, and lift and spread their tail feathers almost vertical. Facing each other, one attacks and they both fly up, chest to chest with flailing wings, apparently attempting to claw at each other. At this point they may fall to the ground and struggle for a short time. Then one bir ...

Wind Turbine and Windmills Essay

Wind Turbine and Windmills Essay Wind Turbine and Windmills Essay The energy in the wind turns blades around a rotor, and the rotor is connected to the main shaft, which makes a generator turn to create electricity. The shape of the blade causes the air pressure to be uneven, higher on one side and lower on the other side. And that’s what makes it spin. On the top, there’s a weather vane that’s connected to a computer to keep the turbine turned into the wind so it captures the most energy. The blades are attached to a rotor which only turns about 18 revolutions a minute and that’s not fast enough to generate electricity by itself. So, the rotor spins a series of gears that increases the rotation up to 1800 revolutions per minute. At that speed the generator can begin to produce electricity. The windmills are tall, because the higher you go, the winder it is. The blades can sweep circle in the sky longer than a football field. A windmill can power up to 9,000 homes Oceans and the Great Lakes provide consistent source of w ind that we can capture and turn into electricity. The wind turbine works opposite of a fan. Wind turbines use wind to make electricity instead of using electricity to make wind. The wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. There are two types of windmills horizontal-axis and the vertical-axis. Horizontal-axis windmills have two or three blades. The vertical-axis windmills main rotor shaft is set traversed and the main components are located at the base of the turbine. This arrangement allows the generator to be easy facilitating service and repair. The

A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner

A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner Free Online Research Papers William Faulkner’s short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† provides clues that the reader can choose to acknowledge or ignore, but nowhere in the story does Faulkner clearly explain why Emily Grierson murdered Homer Barron. Faulkner has discussed the story, and did reveal that it was about how inhumanity toward people can lead to murder. This suggests that the inhumanity that Emily suffered, both at the hands of her father and at those of society, which is rarely kind to women that never marry, may have led to psychological scars that eventually prompted her to murder Homer. Faulkner’s insight into the story is a generalized one, that does not explicitly provide a motive for the murder, only a sense of the pain that might have affected Emily profoundly enough to make her agreeable to the idea of murder. This paper will explore the reasons and motives that led Emily to murder Homer, illustrating the factors that played a part in her actions. One of the most compelling reasons that Emily murdered Homer is that she was from a time when men took care of women. This â€Å"care† included control, and sometimes even dictatorship, as in the case of her father, who sent all of Emily’s suitors packing. Women were taught to be dependent upon men, and Emily was dependent upon her father, but dependence breeds hostility because it becomes a type of bondage. Her father was particularly controlling, and none of his control belied any cognizance of Emily’s needs or what might make her happy. Thus, Emily was in a Catch-22 situation where she needed man but could not have them. Even the man she dated when she lived on her own left her. By murdering Homer, she turned the tables on that particular form of bondage and found a way to â€Å"keep† a man. Homer stayed with her- albeit dead; until she died. Another reason for the murder is that Emily was insane. When her father died, she refused to admit that he was dead for several days. Upon Homer’s death, she kept his body in the bed with his clothes nearby just as he had taken them off and probably slept next to him every night until her death. Menakhem Perry (64) states, â€Å"†¦here is, primarily, a woman who committed a pathological murder†¦perhaps even†¦necrophilia.† He also points out that Emily refused to recognize the death of Colonel Sartoris, contending that Emily’s â€Å"contact with reality [was] deficient† and that for her, â€Å"the borderline between reality and fantasy [was] blurred† (Perry 64). It is even possible that Emily was not consciously aware that Homer was dead, as she may have continued to see him as living; this could explain why she slept with him every night even though the flesh has long been gone from his bones, and he could not have looked like a l iving man. Another explanation for the murder is revenge, either against her father or against Homer. Out of the two men in her life, Emily’s father was the one that mistreated her the most. She felt that she needed her father, though, so she could not murder him. Murdering Homer was a way of stopping Homer from becoming to her what her father was and of taking revenge indirectly on her father. On the other hand, it is clear that Homer would have left her had he not been murdered, so Emily may have murdered him in anger that he too was deserting her. Robert Crosman (208) points out that Emily is actually in control in the story. When she goes to the pharmacist to get the arsenic, for example, the druggist tries to find out what she wants it for, but she does not answer yet, he gives it to her anyway (Crosman 208). Likewise, when the aldermen write and call to collect her taxes, she refuses to acknowledge that she owes them and at the end they are never paid. From this perspective, Emily’s reason for killing Homer might have been merely to control a situation that had he lived would have been under his control. Helen Nebeker (8) compares Emily to the â€Å"indomitable but dying Old South in all its decadence, pride, [and] refusal to admit the changing order.† She symbolizes the South’s ability to stand firm while the winds of change circulate all around her, and although she evokes pity, she remains standing in triumph until the very end, when her own death hands a victory to the New South waiting in the wings (Nebeker 9). Nebeker (11) states that â€Å"Emily’s South, though dead and buried and forgiven, has left its horror imprinted forever on the structure and in the persons of the present.† As a symbol of the Old South, Emily’s murder of Homer represents the South’s resistance to change, even though that resistance means clinging to something that is already old, dead, and stinking. From this perspective, Emily’s motivation for murdering Homer is to keep the status quo alive. Cleanth Brooks (13) argues that â€Å"there is an element of the heroic† about Emily’s murder of Homer, as well, even though the crime is also â€Å"monstrous.† Brooks notes that Emily never â€Å"strive[s] to keep up with the Joneses† but remains the one that everyone else keeps up with (Brooks 13). Certainly, as she maintains control, it is also clear that Emily does not grovel to anyone. She does what she pleases and refuses to do what she does not want to do, in a splendid reversal of the bondage she grew up in under her father. Finally, Emily believes that love can and will end if not frozen in time by death, a gruesome but understandable idea considering that she had never yet experienced a love that did not end. However, a love that is frozen in death is not the love that most women want; they want companionship, tenderness, and a listening ear- not the mere presence of a body that can afford none of these things. Why precisely did Emily kill Homer? Faulkner leaves it to the reader to decide, but elements of all of these reasons and motivations would likely have played a part in her actions had Emily been a real woman instead of a character. Real people are complex, and there is often not a sole clear-cut reason for their actions but rather a dynamic push and pull among many reasons that causes each of them to have an influence on the final decision. In the last analysis, whatever reasons Emily had for killing Homer, no one can argue that she did it quite deliberately and with planning, so she made a choice that could never be reversed and then lived with that choice for the rest of her life. Brooks, Cleanth. William Faulkner: First Encounters. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1985. Web. 20 Feb, 2010 Crosman, Robert. â€Å"How Readers Make Meaning.† College Literature, 9.3, The Newest Criticisms (Fall 1982), 207-215. JSTOR. Web. 26 Feb, 2010 Nebeker, Helen. â€Å"Emily’s Rose of Love: Thematic Implications of Point of View in Faulkner’s ‘A Rose for Emily.’† The Bulletin of the Rocky Mountain Modern Language Association, 24.1, (Mar 1970), 3-13. JSTOR. Web. 26 Feb, 2010. Perry, Menakhem. â€Å"Literary Dynamics: How the Order of a Text Creates its Meanings [With an Analysis of Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily†]. Poetics Today, 1.1/2, Special Issue: Literature, Interpretation, Communication, (Autumn 1979), 35-361. JSTOR. Web. 1 Mar, 2010 Research Papers on "A Rose for Emily" by William FaulknerThe Fifth HorsemanCapital PunishmentBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XMind TravelArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Personal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionTrailblazing by Eric Anderson

Executive Brief on 'Google in China' Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Executive Brief on 'Google in China' - Essay Example Within 3 years of launch of its website, Google garnered 30% of the share of total web search industry. (Google 2008) Later, due to its reluctance to apologize for allowing certain illegal sites to be obtained through its search results for Chinese users, it faced some regulation process from the Chinese government, banning several features of it. Following that, some malicious attacks on their Chinese servers and Gmail through alleged sources from China, Google reported in January 2010 as putting its operations in China in abeyance. A lot has been discussed about this move and several notions have been posed from several quarters. Decisions are yet to happen in a unanimous manner from all parties. Google’s stand on continuing its operations in China has presented an interesting proposition for analyzing the pros and cons of its decision. The current scenario is such that both the parties could lose out on major opportunities if Google decides to continue its suspended action in China. Google could lose out to its competitors of China and may end up losing out a major stake of its business from the fastest establishing super power of the world. At the same time, China’s rules and regulations are in correspondence to the rule of government, thereby disabling itself from any change of its course with respect to Google. The report aims at identifying the different factors such as the internal and external contributors, providing key inputs on the current strategy followed by both the parties involved, and depicting a possible movement of the market according to the different decisions that might be taken in future. Google established its Google China (Google.cn) in 2006. The first step of its strategy was to obey to the rules of the government prohibiting certain search results accessible to its users. The second step was to

Job eveluation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Job eveluation - Research Paper Example The data collected by means of job evaluation and recapitulated in job descriptions has an array of uses in human resource management, neither of them more fundamental to the entire program of human resource than job assessment and pricing (Reda, 2002). Jointly, job evaluation, and job pricing determine what every job ought to pay. This guarantees that the pay is fair in two manners: internally, so that occupations that are moderately of larger value to the firm are paid more as compared to those of minimal value; and externally, So that rates rewarded to jobs in the firm are competitive with those remunerated by other organizations in the labor market for equivalent work. Job assessment establishes the comparative worth of a job with a different job or several others. It does not place pay rates that are the function of job pricing; relatively, it contrasts jobs with each other or gauges them against an average for instance, an Executive Secretary compared to a Stenographer, the Secretary is at a higher rank than the Stenographer. This sort of information is of importance to the firm since it acts as the basis for many elements in the program of human resource. Foremost, it carries over into the job pricing stage, with the outcome that, occupations of comparatively minimal value are awarded less pay (Rynes and Gerhart, 2000). Secondly, job evaluation identifies present wage inequalities. Job assessment exposes circumstances whereby occupations are not being paid in proportion to their comparative worth. Additionally, job evaluation offers the organization a system for allocating rates of wage to lately generated occupations compliant with their contribution to the organization (Kay, 2005). A novel occupation, for example, an E-mail Order Clerk, can be assessed and put in the apposite grade. This makes certain that the E-mail Clerk Order employed by the organization will be

Political socialisation (models and theories) Essay

Political socialisation (models and theories) - Essay Example The hypotheses include moral development, life course, and gender and moral development (Glasberg, & Shannon, 2011). The theory of moral development that was developed by Kohlberg argues that individuals acquire various political ideologies based on three stages of reasoning (Glasberg, & Shannon, 2011). The theory argues that the first stage of reasoning is the pre-conventional phase. In this stage, children appreciate the things that give them pleasure while they dislike those that give rise to pain. This means that at this stage, individuals acquire the behaviours and beliefs that give rise to happiness. For example, children support the ideas of leaders who provide them with resources such as books in school. The next stage is the conventional phase that takes place during teenage years (Glasberg, & Shannon, 2011). According to the theory, children appreciate the beliefs and ideas that are in accordance with the beliefs of their culture. In the last stage, which is the post-conventional stage, individuals begin to embrace the attitudes and behaviors that are ethically upright. The life course theory that was developed by Erikson argues that individuals experience various challenges in eight phases during their life time. The eight stages of life course include infancy, adolescence, pre-school, old age, pre-adolescence, toddlerhood, middle, and young adulthood (Glasberg, & Shannon, 2011). Erikson argues that in the first stage of infancy, children learn to differentiate trust from mistrust; while in the last stage of old age individuals face the challenges of hopelessness and honesty. Therefore, Erikson postulates that individuals acquire the ideologies and beliefs that are shaped by the challenges that they face. For example, during infancy when the main challenges are trust and mistrust, children may hold onto the beliefs of their parents because they trust them. Children trust their parents more than other people at this

Personal experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Personal experience - Essay Example For instance, the fear of public speaking can be handled through practice. This means that if one has a fear of public speaking this problem can be encountered through practicing talking in front of the friends as they listen. After getting used to talk in front of the friend then one can look for a larger congregation like a class of fifty students and address to and through the practice the fear of public speaking may be solved. From the book, the lessons learned about the ambiguity aversion are that it comes from fear of the unknown. This is when someone feels it difficult to express his or her ideas in front of unknown congregation. This fear may be even deeply entrenched than the fear of public speaking. According to Berns 60, it is evident that the ambiguity aversion does not only happen to the human beings but also the other animals have this phenomenon and also experience the same. This fear can also be inhibited because the human beings posses a larger prefrontal cortex than the animals. One of the solutions to ambiguity aversion is to convert it into a risk. The use of Bayesian Updating may be used. Bayesian Updating is a process is a statistical process of using new process to update probability estimates (Bern70). Reappraisal can be commonly applied to view ambiguity as a very big opportunity to get and attain knowledge. If ambiguity is used over several times and repeatedly then it can be quickly changed into a risk. In the community, there has been a big issue on the pollution and many raised campaigns on how to dispose of unwanted material (Wheatley and Frieze 30). Due to this issue of pollution an idea can be got form it and be used in the play to come up with more useful items from the waste material. Via this problem of pollution on the land whereby the land is getting acidified by the chemicals disposed by the community and the industries after why a grant idea can be invented on

The Patriot Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Patriot Act - Essay Example According to President Bush, â€Å"The Patriot Act defends our liberty. The Patriot Act makes it able for those of us in positions of responsibility to defend the liberty of the American people. It’s essential law† (Allen, 2004). According to the Justice Department, the PATRIOT Act gives support to and encourages enhanced sharing of information among various law enforcement agencies at the local, state and federal levels. In addition, this law assists law enforcement in their efforts to â€Å"connect the dots† from a wider scope of agencies when assembling evidence so as to â€Å"develop a complete picture† regarding possible threats from terrorists (Ward, 2002). Additionally, the Act increased border security funding and allows the Attorney General to disburse monetary rewards to those individuals and entities such as municipalities that have enjoined the fight against terrorism. Furthermore, it provides financial support for the training of first respond ers such as firefighters. Finally, the PATRIOT Act permits government agencies power to delay notification of search warrants, â€Å"which (is) a long-existing crime-fighting tool upheld by courts nationwide for decades in organized crime, drug cases and child pornography† (US Department of Justice, 2005). Critics of the Act suggest that is in contradiction to the tenants of the First Amendment. As an example, a citizen can be identified and treated as a terrorist if they are a breaking federal law such as trespassing on public property during a protest when a federal official is injured, not by that person but simply injured during the protest. This allows any person who was exercising their constitutional right of free speech to be arrested and detained indefinitely without benefit of legal counsel, a violation of the Fifth Amendment right to due process of law. Section 203 of the PATRIOT Act allows law enforcement officers to give CIA with no court order information received

Personal experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Personal experience - Essay Example For instance, the fear of public speaking can be handled through practice. This means that if one has a fear of public speaking this problem can be encountered through practicing talking in front of the friends as they listen. After getting used to talk in front of the friend then one can look for a larger congregation like a class of fifty students and address to and through the practice the fear of public speaking may be solved. From the book, the lessons learned about the ambiguity aversion are that it comes from fear of the unknown. This is when someone feels it difficult to express his or her ideas in front of unknown congregation. This fear may be even deeply entrenched than the fear of public speaking. According to Berns 60, it is evident that the ambiguity aversion does not only happen to the human beings but also the other animals have this phenomenon and also experience the same. This fear can also be inhibited because the human beings posses a larger prefrontal cortex than the animals. One of the solutions to ambiguity aversion is to convert it into a risk. The use of Bayesian Updating may be used. Bayesian Updating is a process is a statistical process of using new process to update probability estimates (Bern70). Reappraisal can be commonly applied to view ambiguity as a very big opportunity to get and attain knowledge. If ambiguity is used over several times and repeatedly then it can be quickly changed into a risk. In the community, there has been a big issue on the pollution and many raised campaigns on how to dispose of unwanted material (Wheatley and Frieze 30). Due to this issue of pollution an idea can be got form it and be used in the play to come up with more useful items from the waste material. Via this problem of pollution on the land whereby the land is getting acidified by the chemicals disposed by the community and the industries after why a grant idea can be invented on

The Tough Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Tough Life - Essay Example She appears embittered about â€Å"lost beauty.†The woman lives in abject poverty, endures racial discrimination, suffers from mental illness, and feels abandoned. She is also depressed and lonely. The image of the woman reflects on the life experience of Native-Americans, secluded from their culture and entangled in cyclic poverty. For the woman, a mother of three, suicide seems to be the only avenue through which she can escape the harsh life in Chicago. As the author asserts, the woman speaks out for the other women watching her dangle from the window on the thirteenth floor. The squalid health of women becomes evident. Her only comfort is the memory of the good life she experienced as a child, which is nothing but a dream at the moment. The woman lives in a cruel world, surrounded by people who seem to care less even if she jumps to the ground. Her life is basically separated from death by a very thin thread. She is unable to speak about her despair, and attempted suicide seems the only sure way through which she can drive her point home. Cross-cultural issues appear the most significant problem in the poem. The woman hangs from a window in the 13th floor, which is often associated with bad luck and avoided in most buildings, where floor numbering usually jumps to fourteen from twelve. From personal experience of life away from one’s culture, I can attest what might have led the woman to think of attempted suicide. In New York City, I have also endured a very tough life relative to the one I lived back in my native country. Unlike in my homeland, I have to collect my laundry and wash away from my home. Also, I am forced to take the subway to the university, which takes a long time and thus very tiresome. Further, here in New York City, I have to walk a lot, while back in my country, I have my own car and a driver. Life has become so stressful

Marketing Plan Proposal Essay Example for Free

Marketing Plan Proposal Essay I will develop a marketing plan for my company’s new product, the â€Å"Walker Photo Display Storage Solutions† product I will introduce on the global market next year sometime. The â€Å"Walker Photo Display Storage Solutions† product will allow any kind of loose photographs to be easily displayed in a collage format on any bare wall anywhere. It will include a divided safe storage box designed to protect loose photographs from damaging light, chemicals and rough handling to name a few things! I think my target audience is teenage boys and girls, male female college students, educators, homemakers, business owners, retired folk, hobbyists, collectors and basically anyone that has a need and desire to do something with the piles of loose photographs we all have laying around the house! I will directly market to pre-teen and teenage kids, college students and their faculty members, housewives and husbands, law enforcement, real estate, the entertainment industry, businesses and numerous other identified and yet to be identified markets! I have perceived there was a need to create something specific, simple, durable, easy to use, inexpensive, customizable and practical to display and store all the loose photographs I had laying around and the ones I saw elsewhere laying around, unseen, decomposing and being neglected. I had taped loose photographed to my wall on occasion in a sort of collage formation, but it looked kind of cheesy, so I felt I could create something cool to display and store them in! After a few years of random survey’s with various people from all walks of life, I found my perception to be correct, that there was indeed a genuine need for my invention, and it appeared there was a vast global market for it! Creating this product so it can be easily ordered, customized and received will be a bit of a challenge, but one that I believe is well worth taking. I am very passionate about my new product that will be distributed from my new company, â€Å"DoakUnlimited.llc†. So, it is my intention to solve the decades old question dilemma of what to do with all the millions and millions of loose photographs lying around in drawers, shoeboxes and elsewhere!

Crime Scene Management: Challenges Faced

Crime Scene Management: Challenges Faced Crime scene management has evolved to meet the challenges of todays crime scene experts. There have been a lot of changes over the past 75 years, especially in the type of evidence which can now be recovered and the investigative tools used to process it. The employment of qualified Scientific Support Managers take charge of all experts involved at a scene and this ensures evidence is recovered In-tact and un-compromised. The following paper shows how modern scene management methods are used to investigate the Ruxton case today. The Initial Call A hill walker in the south of Scotland, spots an arm reaching up out of the river. She immediately calls 999 and Police officers are dispatched to her location. Actions of the First Officers at the Scene (FAO) Quick preservation is the key to success in recovering evidence from any scene. Crime scenes are easily compromised and evidence can be destroyed by walking over or moving any items before experts have cleared the area. Locards Principle In 1921 Locards Principle was founded and it simply states every contact leaves a trace there is always evidence at a scene and failure to find evidence may be due to Poor preservation and search techniques. The officers contact their supervisor as to what they found and requested a Senior Investigating Officer (SIO) to attend the location. FOAs now cordoned off the scene and identify safe parking for technical bureau vehicles. A logbook is opened to record all personnel who attend the scene. Major Crime Scene Management Towards the end of the 1980s it was decided new management and training techniques were required and the roll of Crime Scene Manager was developed. The establishment of the National Training Centre provide crime scene investigators with higher standards of training. (As per G. Keeling and A. Scott Crime scene management workbook, P4) Proper management of staff at major crime scenes was found to be paramount if an investigation is to be successful. All major crime scenes present complex issues which may lead to misunderstandings and conflicts between the various forensic teams. A co-ordinated approach to the investigation is essential and must be agreed by all the various experts if the investigation is to be handled properly. (As per G. Keeling and A. Scott Crime scene management workbook, P14) The management structure includes: Senior Investigation Officer (SIO) Scientific Support Co-ordinator (SSC) Crime Scene Co-ordinator (CSC) Crime Scene Manager (CSM) Exhibits Officer In major crime scenes the SIO will seek the assistance of a Senior Forensic Scientist to co-ordinate with the forensic laboratory. Senior Investigation Officer The Senior Investigating Officer (SIO) is the principle decision maker in the investigation and will control the enquiry with the management team. (see fig 2) Scientific Support Co-ordinator This Scientific Support Co-ordinator manages and co-ordinates the various scientific support teams (outlined later) and advises the SIO on the scientific support strategy. The Crime Scene Co-ordinator The CSC advises the SIO on contamination issues. If it becomes obvious this is not the primary crime scene then the CSC will coordinate personnel at all the various scenes. The Crime Scene Manager The CSM is an experienced CSI who will take control of the scene and is responsible for all matters relating to its examination. The CSM is the liaison between the SIO and CSIs.(See fig 3) (As per G. Keeling and A. Scott Crime scene management workbook, P14) Exhibits Officer This detective is in charge of keeping all evidence secure. The exhibits officer records, catalogues and assigns exhibit numbers to each piece of evidence i.e. LCH1. The incident Room Information is controlled and stored in the incident room using a computer system first introduced in the UK in 1986 known as HOLMES (Home Office Large Major Enquiry System). The Incident room provides the SIO with accurate up to date information on the examination of evidence. The Incident room also provides a two way information system for detectives during the investigation. Police and staff at the scene include Personnel under the control of The Scientific Support Co-ordinator include: The Crime Scene Investigator is responsible for persevering and collecting evidence at the scene. The Photographer provides a full pictorial record of the scene and the Post Mortem and produces albums for trial. The Surveyor provides detail maps and plans of the scene. The Fingerprint Lab tech is used to recover prints at a scene. The Fingerprint expert is used to examine prints at a scene and aid in eliminating any persons who have cause to be a scene. Experts provided by the Forensic Science Service (FSS) include: Entomologists Anthropologists Forensic Psychologists Forensic Archaeologists Chemist Biologist Dynamic Risk Assessment Under the Health Safety at work Act 1974 The Crime Scene Manager completes a Dynamic Risk Assessment for every scene which addresses: Water born hazards (drowning, weils disease) Biological issues (HIV/AIDS/HEP AB) Personal injury Items infested with parasites Unsafe areas Welfare issues which must be addressed:- Meal breaks WC facilities, Weather conditions Critical Stress Debriefing Personnel working at this scene were presented with a horrendous sight of decomposed and butchered body parts strewn across the area. All staff must be offered the opportunity to undertake Critical Stress Debriefing. Contamination Matrix The Crime Scene manager compiles a Contamination Matrix which ensures no person or vehicle attends more than one scene. This will eliminate any possibility of cross contamination. The Forensic strategy The SIO needs the following questions to be answered:- Are the parts human Could the remains be animals? Who is the deceased The victim(s) needs to be identified as soon as possible. Age and sex of the victim(s) Age and gender of the victim will aid in the identification process. Time and date of death The pathologist will be able to determine a rough time of death and an entomologist may be able to produce an estimated date of death. Cause of death The pathologists will give an indication of how the victim(s) died. Can a suspect be eliminated There is no point spending money investigating an innocent person. Can evidence prove this person is or is not a suspect? Is this linked to another crime If this crime is linked to another crime, evidence and investigations from the other crime scenes may be able to direct investigators to a suspect. (As per G. Keeling and A. Scott Crime Scene Management workbook, P20) Using the forensic strategy it is important to keep an open mind and read the scene based on knowledge and experience as the facts fall into place, testing each hypothesis as it develops. (As per P. White From Crime Scene to Court P47) A.B.C Model Assume nothing Believe no one Check everything (See Fig 4) Agreeing and delivering a forensic strategy Once a forensic strategy has been decided the SIO and CSM must before the investigation can continue. The SIO records the agreed strategy in the investigation policy book and the CSM records the strategy in the scene management log. Recording the forensic strategy To avoid any misunderstanding between the SIO and CSM the scene log is updated with actions identified in the forensic strategy. The log is also updated with the outcomes from briefings, meetings and directions to the CSIs. Delivering the forensic Strategy The CSM is responsible for Planning, coordinating and managing the search and recovery of evidence. The CSM details tasks and activities from the strategy to the forensic teams. (As per G. Keeling and A. Scott Crime Scene Management workbook, P21) Managing Police and Forensic experts at the scene Processing a crime scene involves a team of experts who can deal with any piece of evidence uncovered during an investigation. These experts need to be managed and coordination to avoid any overlaps during their examinations. (As per G. Keeling and A. Scott Crime Scene Management workbook, P21) Major Crime Scene vehicles The attendance of a Major Crime Scene Vehicle is requested. (See fig 6). This vehicle will act as a command post to allow briefings to be held on site. Crime scene vehicles also attend which contain equipment such as lighting, tarpaulin, plastic tape and any non-routine equipment needed at an external crime scene. (As per P. White From Crime Scene to Court P46) Immediate Search The CSM contacts Police Search Advisors (POLSA) who are trained in systematic searching techniques for large areas. A fingertip search of the area is conducted to locate evidence. The CSIs will recover and transfer the evidence to the Exhibits Officer to hold until their value to the investigation is ascertained. (As per P. White From Crime Scene to Court P49) Recovery of Evidence The CSM produces an Evidence Recovery Plan which outlines the steps required before any piece of evidence is recovered. Sequencing of examination The Sequencing of Examinations must always be done in such a way that the recovery process does not destroy other evidence. Evidence should be processed in this order:- Pictorial record and sketches of the position of the item Recovery of fragile evidence first i.e. DNA, fibres Fingerprinting (As per G. Keeling and A. Scott Crime Scene Management workbook, P22) The Planning Cycle NEW INFORMATION New information can be obtained from any source at any time STOP stop and obtain a briefing ASSESS Using the CSMs initial questions. What do I know? Now formulate a plan, immediate action required PLAN What specialists do I require? Is my Evidence Recovery Plan in place. REVIEW review the actions put in place (See fig 5) Cordons The CSM will confirm the positions of the cordons are. The CSM will identify the position of a second outer cordon. Once the inner cordon is in place, only personnel wearing PPE will be allowed pass. Crime Scene Surveillance All personnel will be aware a suspect may be present or revisit the scene during the investigation asking questions. It is best practice that details are recorded of any person enquiring about the scene or vehicles driving around the area. (As per G. Keeling and A. Scott Crime Scene Management workbook, P11) Common Approach Path (CAP) A common approach path is established to allow access to the scene. This is completed by identifying a route to the scene which would not likely to have been used by the suspect. This route is subjected to a fingertip search and a full video and photographic record is completed. Once this route is established the CSM, SIO, Pathologist and Forensic Scientist will approach the main area where the biggest concentration of the body parts are located. Body parts Body parts are placed in new plastic body bags and labelled appropriately. The body parts are accompanied back to the morgue by the Crime Scene Manager and a Police Officer. The Officer will remain with the bodies for the duration until the Post Mortem is completed. Under Water Search Unit An Under Water Search Unit is bought in and will search the river to recover body parts and the instruments used in the possible murder and dissection of the bodies. The Post Mortem The Pathologist will systematically examine the body to establish cause and time of death. An attempt to identify the weapon and instrument used to dissect the bodies will be made. A full video and photographic record including sketches are made for each step. The Pathologist will take various samples, blood, hair (head body), DNA and swabs from all body orifices and send to the lab for processing. The Anthropologist An Anthropologist will aid in the identification and reassembly of skeletonised remains of the victims. (see fig 8) Examination of the skulls Examination of the skulls can give an estimated age and gender of the victims. It is estimated the shorter body is aged between 20 and 30 years and female. The taller of the two bodies was approximately between 30 and 40 years of age, also female. The Entomologist Examining maggots recovered from the scene the Entomologist constructs a timeline using the insects life cycles to estimate the date of death. This date coincides with the date on the newspaper which some of the body parts were wrapped in. Cause of death The taller woman had damaged of the hyoid bone consistent with strangulation. Five stab wounds to the chest were found. The smaller womans skull was fractured and her tongue shows signs of swelling consistent with asphyxia. When the PM is complete the Senior Investigation Officer asks the Pathologist for a cause of death. Results of the Post Mortem The post mortem has proven there are two bodies, both female, one in her twenties and the other in her thirties. The bodies were dismembered using a knife at the joints. The Pathologists concluded the bodies were mutilated to prevent identification and possibility by somebody with medical training. Both victims died a violent death. After the PM the coroner is informed and takes responsibility for the bodies until they are released for burial. . Finger and palm prints Automatic Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS) developed in the late 80s is now widely used in Police forces all over the world. Palm and fingerprints of the victims are taken and entered onto the AFIS system for possible identification or comparison later. Tool-marks Tool marks on the bones are casted and confirmed they were made by a knife. Facial Reconstruction 2D facial reconstruction was first used in Texas during the 1980s (As per Reichs and Craig. Facial Approximation: procedures and pitfalls) and allows the forensic artists to reconstruct faces on the skulls. 3D facial re-construction can also be done by using clay or 3D computer software using known profiles for race, age, and gender. The reconstructed face is photographed or printed and submitted to the incident room. (See fig 11) Further examination of the scene During the Post Mortem, searching the scene and the river continued and the cordons reviewed. Potential evidence such as footprints, drag marks, clothing snags and blood is recovered and examined for intelligence. Final inventory Once the scene has been fully examined, a final inventory is compiled of whats left and not removed. This will insure whatever is left is not part of the investigation. Although this is normally completed on an inside scene there is merit for carrying out this process for every scene. De-commissioning the scene Before the scene is released it is good practice for an independent Crime Scene Manager to walk the scene to establish if there are any items of interest to the investigation overlooked. The SIO and CSM walk the entire scene and on completion the scene is released. Evidence recovered at the scene Each piece of evidence should be photographed in its location; sketches drawn of its exact location and when collected, packaged in its own separate container, labelled and exhibit numbers assigned. Evidence collected at the scene included: Various body parts Two skulls Maggots Newspaper A patched blouse Tyre tracks Footprints Fingerprints Control samples Tyre marks and footprints Casts of Foot prints and tyre tracks are made and recovered. Intelligence on the class characteristics of the tyre marks can establish a type of tyre present at the scene. The tyre marks can also be compared on the national tyre tread database. If a vehicle is later identified the individual characteristics of the tyre can be compared with the recovered casts. Foot prints recovered can be compared on the national shoe database and be matched to a suspects shoe. The Newspaper The newspaper is examined for fingerprints, handwriting, hairs, fibres, blood and DNA. This paper is the Sunday Graphic which displays the date and part of a headline which refers to a festival in Morecambe near Lancaster. Intelligence from the newspaper points the investigation team to believe the murders may have taken place in the Morecambe area and the bodies driven up to Scotland on or soon after the date on the newspaper. (Wilson Wilson 2003) Missing Persons Reports The investigating team now look at missing persons reports for women in their mid twenties and late thirties from around the Morecambe and Lancaster areas. Mary Jane Rogerson (see fig 10) was reported missing by her stepmother. She had been employed by a Doctor Ruxton, who lived in Lancaster. 34 year old Isabella Ruxton, Dr Ruxtons wife (see fig 9) was also reported missing by friends. These women are good matches to the images the forensic artists generated. The patched blouse The blouse is tested for the presence of hair, fibres and traces of DNA. Any recovered particulates are compared to the victim and possible suspects. A photo of the blouse was shown to Jessie Rogerson and identified as been owned by Mary Jane. Incident room Detectives now turn their attentions to Dr. Ruxton. (See fig 7) Crime Scene 2 (Dr. Ruxtons House) The First Officer on scene preserved the scene using barrier tape to restrict entry to the building. The suspects car and the area surrounding the vehicle is cordon off. The scene log book is started and only persons wearing full PPE can enter the building. The Scientific Support Officer reviews the cordons and the personnel required at the building. The SSO will take into account if there is evidence external to the building. The Contamination Matrix and Dynamic Risk Assessments are completed before any persons enter the building. The SSO marks out the common access to the building. Method of entry to the building will be determined by the Crime Scene Manager. Once the Evidence Recovery Plan is complete, the building is searched. Blood was found on the stairs and in the bathroom. Blood, DNA and other material was discovered in the bathtub. This evidence was recovered and sent to the lab for examination. This blood and DNA will be compared to DNA on file from the victims and on the national DNA database. Evidence recovered from the building included:- Fingerprints Blood Skin and Bone Fragments Hair and fibres Clothing from the victim and suspect The suspects shoes Knifes Dr Ruxtons Doctors Bag Medicines and drugs including their containers Various control samples Mobile phones Fingerprints recovered at the house are compared to the victims on AFIS. As the bodies showed stab wounds and was dissected, a search for any instrument capable of accomplishing this is carried out. Ruxtons Medical bag was collected and sent to the lab. Ruxten`s shoes was collected and soil samples compared to soil from the dump site. The size, make and sole patterns were recorded and compared with marks recovered at the dump site. The shoes were also examined for blood and other trace evidence. Ruxtons clothing was collected and examined for the presence of the victims blood and other trace evidence. The suspect and victims mobile phones are recovered. The phones software is interrogated for cell tower information which can track the movements of the phones imei numbers as they travel between cell towers. Call logs, text messages, photos and emails can be reviewed by investigators. Ruxtons Car The car is impounded, transported to a special examination centre and searched for evidence it transported a body. The vehicles tyres are compared against tyre-tracks recovered from the scene. Soil in the tyres is compared against soil from the dumpsite. The National Vehicle File The vehicles number-plate is checked against the National Vehicle File (NVF) for intelligence. This car was reported as having been involved in a hit and run in Kendal placing it near the crime scene around the estimated date of the murders. ANPR and Speed Enforcement Camera Systems The cars number-plate can also be checked against various databases such as:- Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) systems Gatso and Robot Speed enforcement cameras CCTV CCTV recordings are collected from Petrol stations, shops and Cafes along the entire route from Dalton Square to the crime scene in Scotland. Image annalists examined the recordings for sightings of Dr Ruxton or his car. Final Inventory A final inventory is conducted by an independent CSM and once the SIO is satisfied there is no more evidence to be recovered, the building as a scene is decommissioned. Post Scene Activity When all the scenes have been examined the incident management team develop and agree a submission policy. (As per G. Keeling and A. Scott Crime Scene Management workbook, P24) The SIO, CSM, SSO and the Exhibits Officer must meet once or twice daily and explore if there are any links between the scenes and the recovered evidence. The CSM will continue to meet and liaise with the SIO and on the progress of the evidence. (As per G. Keeling and A. Scott Crime Scene Management workbook, P24) Budgetary Control The SIO is responsible to keep control of expenditure during the investigation. The SIO will see that overtime is kept to a minimum and only staff working their normal shift are used. As external agencies charge for their services the SIO in consultation with the CSM prioritise evidence to be processed. As intelligence from the lab emerges evidence will move up or down in priority. Submission for finance will consider the following:- Evidence which will prove/disprove a suspects involvement Does the evidence corroborate the suspects, witnesses or victims version of events Will the examination of this evidence further the investigation If these criteria are fulfilled the CSM will authorise its examination. (As per G. Keeling and A. Scott Crime Scene Management workbook, P25) Statements of evidence Every person involved in the investigation will be required to provide a statement. Police and experts notebooks are obtained. These documents will be received, read, catalogued and exhibit numbers assigned. Copies of all documents and reports will be compiled into the book of evidence and submitted in the court file. Experts in court and the trial If the case goes to trial then experts will be required to present their findings on the evidence to the Judge and jury. The defence has the right to cross examine any witness and have any evidence independently examined. On completion of the evidence, the prosecution and defence barristers give their closing statements. The judge will then charge and send the jury to deliberate. The jury can at any stage request clarification on any piece of evidence. When deliberations have finished, the jury return a verdict. Conclusion The murder scene is, without a doubt, the most important crime scene an officer will be called to attend. Because of the nature of the crime death by violence or unnatural causes, the answer to what happened can only be determined after careful and intelligent examination of the crime scene. (Gerberth,.J. Practical Homicide investigation tactics, Procedures and forensics) This essay is based on the Jigsaw murders of 1936 where Dr. Ruxton was found guilty on both accounts of murdering his wife Isabella and their house maid Mary Rogerson. He was sentenced to death.

Loneliness and Isolation in Baldwin’s, Here be Dragons :: Here Dragons

Loneliness and Isolation in Baldwin’s, Here be Dragons I am not a targeted minority and I have never felt discriminated against, but I certainly have found my self weighed down, unable to keep up, in the constant rush and roar that is our society. I have felt isolated and left behind by everything around me, and this utter loneliness is not something that is easy to deal with. This loneliness inevitably turns to self-hatred as I ask myself why I can’t keep pace with everyone else when they seem to be doing just fine? Reading James Baldwin has reminded me that I’m not alone, and that there are many ways to deal with the isolation one feels within society. For some, struggling to keep afloat in the mainstream as it rushes along is the most comprehensible way, but for others, like Baldwin, it’s easier to simply get out of the water and walk along the bank at his own chosen pace. In Baldwin’s â€Å"Here be Dragons† he addresses the issues of loneliness and isolation in many ways. In the end, he comes to the conclusion that everyone has a part of everyone else inside of him or her, much like a yin yang: â€Å"†¦we are all androgynous†¦because each of us, helplessly and forever, contains the other-male in female, female in male, white in black and black in white. We are a part of each other†(160). If we are all a part of each other, then we do not need to try to keep up with the current of society to stay connected with the world. We can go wherever we please, whenever and however, and never have to fear the loss of the vital links that keep humans human. In the beginning of his story Baldwin speaks of his young adolescence during which various men constantly take advantage of him. In this part of life he speaks much of loneliness. First, as he talks about those who are literally androgynous, containing male and female parts, he guesses at the â€Å"†¦all-but-intolerable loneliness†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (150) that they must feel at not being able to find love by being themselves for fear of humiliation at being so different. Later, he tells of his many encounters with men that appeared to be stereotypical American citizens looking â€Å"†¦like cops, football players, soldiers†¦or bank presidents†¦construction workers†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (153). These men would accost Baldwin in dark movie theaters and in the alleys at night begging or bullying him to take them to bed.

Child Abuse and Neglect Essay -- essays research papers fc

â€Å"Child Abuse†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child abuse is a very serious and controversial issue that is escalating in today’s society. As we look back to the 1940’s and 1950’s, it was almost unheard of to let anyone outside of your immediate family know anything about your personal life. Every family was thought to be, or shown to the general public to be, the â€Å"perfect family†. Some schools had the authority to punish a child by either spanking them with a paddle or hitting their knuckles with a ruler. Child abuse is one of the leading causes of childhood deaths in this nation. Statistics show â€Å"every 4 seconds a child is abused and every 7 minutes a child's life is lost† (Neglect 1). We as a society need to work together to try to think of alternative ways of disciplining our children. A child is a gift from God and should be treated as such. I do understand that with the hectic life styles of today’s society, sometimes it just seems like life is a struggle and just too much. Spanking a child as corrective action is one thing, but beating a child, ripping his or her hair out, locking him or her in a closet, or verbally abusing a child is unacceptable. One solution we can consider is...

Hacker and Dreifus

Bob Herbert and Cal Thomas Write Articles Bob Herbert, a New York Times columnist writes on the subject of the american dream in an article titled hiding from reality. He writes of the dreary state of our country filled with ignored public school systems, dangerously underfunded local and state governments, and a failing job economy. Herbert boldly claims â€Å"Wherever you choose to look-at the economy and jobs, the public schools, the budget deficits, the nonstop war overseas- you’ll see a country in sad shape.Standards of living are declining, and american parents increasingly believe that their children are going to inherit a very bad deal† (564). This is one of the first points Herbert makes in his essay. What it appears Herbert is doing is trying to make the situation look as important as possible, that things are heading downhill. Herbert does not specifically assess blame for his claims. Cal Thomas the author of the next article capitalizes on that aspect, which he views as a weakness in Herbert’s essay.Cal Thomas a panelist on Fox News Watch and author of several books writes an article on the same subject titled Is the American Dream Over? Cal Thomas writes a more complex article. Thomas’ main point seems to be balance between arguing some of Herbert's main points, and discussing some of the problems in our country that herbert also covered in his essays. Such as the school system and a seemingly dysfunctional government. Thomas goes on to better define the american dream in order to show it as something besides, as herbert implies in his last paragraph, dead (567). homas suggests â€Å"The rules for achieving the american dream may no longer be taught in and supported by culture but that doesn't mean they don’t work† (570). Thomas leads his readers to infer that the american dream is as effective as it always has been, it has simply just gone out of style. Initially looking at these two articles it is easy to tell that they are full of contradictions and disagreements. As we look deeper into these articles it is revealed that these two authors agree on much more than they would like to admit to.In discussions of the state of the American Dream there have been many controversial issues over the state of our government, school systems and the american dream. on one hand Bob herbert believes that overall the state of our country in relation to the american dream is in a dismal shape, Cal thomas, for similar reasons, also proposes that there are many things in our economy, and government that need fixing. On the matter of public school systems Herbert, as mentioned before, warns us that we have a public education system hanging by threads due to budget cuts.Herbert asserts â€Å"Now although we don't want to admit it publicly, we’ve decided to go in another direction† (566). He states that the government has begun to shift its priorities from education to other things. Here, h erbert reveals a common but imperative (In his eyes) value that is being thrown out the window by government budget cuts. The value being the importance of public education for our youth. He assumes the values to be social standard and uses them to show the malevolence of government budget cuts directed at public school systems.Cal thomas believes the state of our public school systems to be in bad shape paints the picture of â€Å"A monopolistic government school system locked in failing government schools, producing graduates (if in fact they do graduate) who lag behind in subjects that matter† (569). Here Thomas dives even deeper into the public education problem saying that not only is the government saturating the public school system in america but the information being learned is in part insignificant. With this herbert and thomas are in agreement.Thomas, though he would not want to admit it due to the fact that the overall purpose of his essay is a rebuttal of Herbert s essay, is in agreement with Bob Herbert. They both openly state that the school systems are on a steep downhill slope caused by the government. the authors of these essays are clearly in agreement on the state of the public school system, what is less apparent is their underlying values behind these statements. Thomas shares Herberts implicit value that public education is very important. hen looking even deeper you notice that they both seem to be placing blame on the government. They are both implying an inherent immorality of the government system. which seems to be a consistent theme in both articles. On the topic of the american dream Herbert states â€Å"America will never get its act together until we recognize how much trouble were really in, and how much effort and shared sacrifice is needed to stop the decline. Only then will we be able to begin resuscitating the dream. † (567).Herbert implies here that our problems are so severe that we have much more work to do then society has led on, we have to make a big change in our lifestyles if we want to turn this country around. Like Herbert, Thomas also offers a solution to the diminishing state our country appears to be in, he claims â€Å"People who believe a politician of whatever party or persuasion can make their life better than individual initiative are doing more than dreaming; such persons are displaying a cult-like faith, which can never be fulfilled† (570).Thomas is using a what-not-to-do example here in order to imply that individual initiative is what is necessary to help improve the state of the american dream as well as the country. In summary, Herbert believes that it will take societal change in responsibility. We need to realize the gravity of our situation and put a great effort forth to fix it. Thomas with a different approach to the same problem suggests that we must stop relying on the politicians and begin relying on ourselves. It may appear that this is an example o f a disagreement between the two men, it is not. hen we look under the surface we will notice they are actually in agreement. To see the similarities in the argument we must look at the hidden values behind what these men are saying, Starting with Thomas. when Cal brings up the concept of a solution it means he is implying there is a problem, in this case it is a unsatisfactory application of the american dream, the first of the hidden values that can be observed from his statement. This value stems from Thomas and Herberts shared value that we have a mediocre government taking care of us. his leads back to one of the most basic values. The value of our society on an individual level. Thomas and herbert write their essays because they value the importance on each person's quality of life. Thomas speaking of the overindulgence of our government affirms â€Å"This has produced a country of government addicts with an entitlement mentality. These twin maladies have eroded self-reliance , individual initiative, and personal accountability. † (569). Thomas states here that relying on the government is disintegrating our individuality and taking away our freedom, in a way.From this statement we learn that it is healthy for our society to think freely, and to be a healthy society we need a society of individuals, not sheep. This is how Thomas subtly reveals his underlying values that we as human beings are significantly important. Herbert with the same values states it in a different way. Herbert observes â€Å"If student test scores jumped a couple of points or the jobless rate fell by a point and a half, the politicians and the news media would crow as if something great had been achieved. That’s how people behave when they’re in denial. † (566).In herberts next sentence he offers a solution, affirming that indeed it is a problem for the media to veil the conditions in our country, and it is a problem for people to be unaware of it. What B ob is calling for is awareness, in other words he wants for our society to start thinking for themselves because that is the most necessary aspect to create change and reintroduce the american dream. It starts with a society with an individualistic mindset. So, in summary what herbert in thomas are saying is their most important value is that of your everyday Joe. In the sense of this value the two authors are in complete agreement.This is what motivated them to input their values. They want people to wake up and see the dismal reality they face, and make a change. In conclusion, although at first glance it appears that these are two conflicting arguments. It is true that the authors disagree with each other on certain aspects such as their definition and perception of the state of the american dream. One could even argue that they are in total disagreement, but when you begin to read in between the lines and look into their inherent values as people you will notice that their deepe st values and morals are unidentifiable from one another.

The Hypotheses Regarding Stonehenge Architecture Essay

Stonehenge is a set of earthworks and an ancient memorial located in Wiltshire, England. It is considered the most celebrated and visited site in the universe and is one of the enigmas in the universe which has ne'er been revealed. However, many people have created legion myths and fabrications to explicate enigmas behind it. Despite the legion myths and fabrications, there has been limited information sing Stonehenge ‘s creation/development. Most research workers and theoreticians refer to it as a rock memorial, a elephantine or ancient megalith. Archeologist Mike Parker Pearson has proposed a figure of hypothesis sing Stonehenge and its surrounding. He indicated that Stonehenge was used as a burial land from historical beginnings. In other words, Stonehenge represented a topographic point of the dead. The cremated remains found at the site acted as grounds and they indicated that entombments took topographic point at the site every bit early as 3000 BC ( Gargen 112 ) . Mike Pearson farther indicated that the arrangement of artefacts and Gravess around Stonehenge provided good grounds that the site was reserved as a sphere of the dead. New carbon 14 day of the months of human remains dug from the ancient Stonehenge in Southwest England indicate that the memorial was used as a graveyard. Initially, archaeologists had believed that Stonehenge had acted as burial evidences every bit early as 2700 and 2600 BC ( Gargen 114 ) . Peoples buried at Stonehenge were believed to hold been the elite of the environing society ; an early royal British dynasty. This hypothesis appears to be scientific due to the grounds provided by new wireless C day of the months of homo remains found in the memorial. Parker Pearson besides held the hypotheses that Stonehenge was a Centre for ascendant worship that was connected by River Avon and two other ceremonial avenues to a duplicate wooden circle near Durrington Walls. The ground as to why he held the hypotheses is due to the big colonies of houses found nearby Stonehenge. This reinforced his belief that both the colony and Stonehenge created a portion of a big ancient ceremony composite. He went in front and indicated that the two circles with lasting and impermanent constructions made a clear representation of the life and the dead spheres severally. He besides pointed out that the orientation of the rock circle pointed to sunrise and sunset on cardinal seasonal day of the months which clearly indicated it was a topographic point of ceremonial. On his hypotheses, Mike Pearson stated that Stonehenge was non a memorial in isolation ; instead it was really one of a brace connoting that it was made of both rock and lumber. The theory behind this is that Stonehenge is a type of spirit place to the ascendants. This hypothesis appears to be pseudo-scientific since there is no scientific grounds behind it.MentionGargen, Josphath. Theories behind Stonehenge. 2nd erectile dysfunction. New York: New York Press, 2003.Your NameANTH 160 – Section 02SJSU – Fall 2009Teacher:Robert Simpkins11/24/092 B )Describe the basic cultural characteristics and development of the Mound edifice Cultures of Eastern North America ( and particularly separating between the Woodland and Mississippian Cultures ) , and explain why they were attributed to a ‘lost race ‘ by 19th century bookmans. It is believed that mold builders were greatly involved in edifice of Earth plants every bit good as hills. The ceremonial and burial constructions were characteristically level topped pyramids or level topped cones and at some times a assortment of other signifiers. Some hills took after unusual forms such as the study of cosmologically important animate beings and were branded effigy hills name. Monk ‘s hill is one of the best known level topped pyramidal earthen ware at Cahokia, while Serpent hill found in southern Ohio is 5 pess tall, 1330 pess long and 20 pess broad takes the form of a snake ( Ian 86 ) . The hill builders included legion different tribal groups and chiefdoms that held unto a perplexing aggregation of beliefs and sole civilizations which were united together by the shared architectural pattern of hill building. The initial mold edifice was an early marker of merely get downing political and societal complexness among the civilizations in the Eastern United States. Woodlands civilization: a prehistoric civilization of eastern North America dates back in the first century. It is used to mention to Native American societies remaining in eastern United States. Adena and Hopewell were the earliest forest groups who inhabited Mississippi river vales and Ohio between 800 BC and 800 AD. Adena and Hopewell are normally known for their monolithic entombment hills, frequently modified with finely crafted sedate points. Initially, Adena were huntsmans and gatherers while Hopewell lived in small towns. The Mississippian civilization was developed around 700 A.D. It was developed by a population of husbandmans who practiced agricultural agriculture and deep-rooted harvests such as maizes, beans and squash. They besides engaged in a twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours runing. Mississippian civilization was ab initio a hill edifice Native American civilization. However, from about 800 CE to 1500 CE, it greatly flourished in what is normally known as Eastern, Midwestern and Southeastern United States ( Ian 76 ) . Mississippian civilization is considered different from the forest civilization on the footing that the Mississippian hills appear to be rectangular or square, big, level topped, mesa like platforms on which temples or houses were built. On the other manus, the forest hills are conelike, earthen constructions covering entombments in which wonderfully carved stone pipes and isinglass cutouts that are found along with skeletal remains. In add-on, burial hills were dominant during the forest period ( 100 B.C. to 400 A.D. ) , while temple hills predominated during the Mississippian period ( 1000 AD ) . Both Mississippian and forest civilizations were attributed to as a ‘lost race ‘ by the nineteenth century bookmans due to the fact that the new euro-American colonists were non willing to accept the fact that the hills had been built by the Native American Peoples. They were hence displacing and destructing most of the hills so as to plough away grounds. Consequently, the civilizations came along as a lost race in America.MentionIan, Bridgeston. The Mould Building Cultures. California: Anvil Press, 2000.Your NameANTH 160 – Section 02SJSU – Fall 2009Teacher:Robert Simpkins11/24/093B )Describe the history of Easter Island as it has been reconstructed by archeologists ; is this history a utile metaphor for the Earth? Is it similar or different from what happened in to other civilisations, and what can be learned from analyzing it? Easter Island, besides known as Rapa Nui is one of the universes celebrated but least visited archaeological sites located in the Pacific Ocean. The island is largely celebrated due to its 887 bing monumental statues( moai )which were created by Rapanui people. It is a bantam, presently treeless, hilly Island of volcanic nature ; lifting over 10,00ft from the floor of Pacific Ocean. Peterson ( 23 ) , states that Easter Island is among the youngest inhabited districts in the universe, and a larger portion of its history is that it was one of the most stray inhabited district. Easter Island was discovered three hundred old ages ago by European adventurers amidst the big infinite in South Pacific Ocean. Dutch adventurer, Jacob Roggeveen rediscovered it on Easter twenty-four hours in 1722, therefore the acquisition of its name ; Easter Island. During that clip, the Island was inhabited by a public of Polynesian beginning who had arrived from Marquesas Islands many centuries earlier. This has been proven by the Deoxyribonucleic acid extracts that were collected from the location. It is besides believed that the dwellers had come in with assorted workss, nutrients, tools and animate beings such as bananas, Sweet murphies, sugar cane, hogs, and poulets among others so as to get down a new life. Archeologists hold that there were three civilizations which lived on Easter Island around 400 AD. During this clip, the island was inhabited by people who specialized in doing little rock statues. After some clip, another civilisation broke down the statues and greatly used them to build long temple platforms known as ahus. They besides carved 600 plus tremendous rock flops taking the signifier of human existences and placed them on the ahus. It is believed that about 15 statues are still held by some ahus. Archaeological grounds indicates a fast devastation of the woods within a few centuries after the reaching of human existences. This played a major function in the decrease of woods and plantation in the island. The society played a function in the decrease of woods and plantations since they cleared land to works grasses, cut down trees to build canoes, they had besides come in with rats which devoured the seeds. By the terminal of 15th century, the full wood had disappeared, the fruits had died out and tree species were nonextant. The extinction of the animate beings in the Island was every bit thorough as that of the forest. All species of native land birds became nonextant and the shellfish were exploited. This led to the prostration of Easter Island ‘s society. The history of Easter Island is a utile metaphor of the planet Earth. The lesson obtained from Easter Island was that inequality and scarceness of important resources played a great function in happening of race murder. Consequently, a societal prostration of the society life in the island took topographic point. David ( 43 ) , states that during the seventh century, around 50 people arrived on Easter Island and increased to more than 70,000 by seventeenth century.MentionDavid, Myer. The history of Easter Island. 3rd erectile dysfunction. Cambridge: Cambridge Press.Your NameANTH 160 – Section 02SJSU – Fall 2009Teacher:Robert Simpkins11/24/094 ) Stonehenge as an ancient Centre of mendingThis appears to be an interesting subject since Stonehenge is normally known as a burial site among the archaeologists. However, Tim Darvil and Geoff Wainwright have come up with the grounds that the memorial acted as a Centre of mending. Margaret ( 57 ) , states that monolithic Numberss of Britons flocked at the sight with the purpose of bring arounding their diseases and mending present hurts. Many dwellers believed that the rock found at the site had charming and mending qualities which greatly attracted legion pilgrims to the site. A adult male ‘s Remains at about five stat mis from Stonehenge were discovered by the two archaeologists. The remains collected indicated that the adult male had a knee cap infection and a terrible tooth eruption. This was hence used as strong grounds by the two archaeologists and they came up with the theory that the adult male may hold died on his manner to the mending evidences ( Stonehenge ) . In add-on, a skeleton analysis which was found three stat mis from the memorial indicated that the adult male had travelled a long distance and was enduring from a potentially deathly dental disease. It was hence concluded that he had travelled that long distance as a manner of seeking for the rocks associated with the mending power. Most archaeologists remain inexorable that the site and the environing country were majorly used as a burial land. To endorse their healing hypothesis, Darvill and Wainwright studied the bluish rocks found at the site and which were believed to hold been at that place since 2400 BC and 2200 BC. Having studied 14 samples of organic stuff such as the bone in the trench and carbonized works remains, they indicated that it was good grounds that the evidences provided first-class mending evidences to the community. The blue rock survey undermines the chief theory suggested by Mike Parker Pearson that the memorial acted chiefly as burial evidences and hereditary site where people held ceremonials and offered forfeits to the ascendants. Other important finds from the excavation have been made at the memorial. A series of little rocks broken down from the larger standing 1s were discovered and the archaeologists believed that the rocks were used as lucky appeals. This provided the grounds that the ancient people believed in the healing belongingss of the rocks. The archaeologists besides believed that the bluish rocks had legion healing belongingss since there were a figure of sacred springs in Preseli which were considered to hold wellness giving qualities. The two archaeologists besides quoted the twelfth century Monk indicating that the rocks were thought to hold medicative belongings. The grounds uncovered by their digs portrayed that people were come offing and traveling off pieces of the bluestones through the Roman epoch through the in-between ages. In relation to the finds made refering Stonehenge, it can be concluded that Stonehenge is a popular and powerful topographic point of pilgrim's journey. However, there is no support that the memorial ‘s mending power truly worked.MentionsMargaret, Katherine. The enigma behind Stonehenge. Harvard: Harvard Press, 2002.