The Tragedy Of Julius Caesar - 1043 Words

William Shakespeare, widely regarded as the greatest writer of all time, revealed critical opinions about the events during his time period in his plays. In one of Shakespeare’s greatest works, Julius Caesar, he illustrated the tragedy of Caesar back in ancient Rome in 44 B.C. While Brutus and Cassius acted as conspirators, or the antagonists, they planned the assassination of Caesar. Deciding wrongly on doing for the good of Rome, Brutus indeed paid his good intentions. Assuredly, Brutus’s three fatal mistakes could be listed in order as he joined the conspiracy, rejected killing Antony, and insisted his army must march to Philippi led to the downfall of himself. After coming back to Rome from triumphing over a battle, Julius Caesar†¦show more content†¦Unknowingly, Brutus performed his first mistake when joining the conspiracy. Cassius tried to insert some assumptions on Brutus in order to make him turn against Caesar, Why, man, he doth bestride the narrow world†¦. To find ourselves dishonorable graves†¦. what should be in that â€Å"Caesar†?/ Why should that name be sounded more than yours†¦. That he is grown so great†¦. There was a Brutus once that would have brooked/ Th eternal devil to keep his state in Rome/ As easily as a king. (1.2.136-162) By suggesting Caesar appeared as ordinary as themselves, Cassius pointed out to Brutus that Caesar should not hold great power any longer. Provoked by what Cassius had said, Brutus promised him that he would think about the matter of Caesar. Moreover, Cassius exclaimed their actions would simply be based on the good of Rome and indirectly influenced Brutus, a man who loved honor more than anything else, Till then, think of the world./ Well, Brutus, thou art noble†¦. Caesar doth bear me hard, but he loves Brutus†¦. That Rome holds of his name, wherein obscurely/ Caesar’s ambition shall be glancà ¨d at†¦. For we will shake him, or worse days endure. (1.2.303-318) Cassius took advantage of Brutus’s personality and set up a plot to make Brutus stand at his side. On a thundering and stormy evening, Brutus vacillated between choosing his friend or his country. â€Å"It must be by his death, and for my

Technical Internships For Advance National Security (...

Technical Internships to Advance National Security (TITANS) Center for Analysis Systems Applications (CASA) Sandia National Laboratories - Albuquerque, NM Sandia’s innovative TITANS program allows you to choose a focused, stimulating internship experience in one of three technical tracks: CASA, Center for Cyber Defenders (CCD), and Monitoring Systems and Technology Intern Center (MSTIC). While working in your chosen track, you will gain valuable exposure to the technical and national security challenges in all three of the tracks. This cross-collaborating exposure will give you a diverse set of experiences and skills that will prepare and guide you towards a rewarding career path that fits your unique interests and talents. TITANS - PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS †¢ Ability to obtain a security clearance, which requires U.S. citizenship †¢ You are a full-time student (12 credit hours for undergrad students and 9 credit hours for grad students) †¢ Your cumulative GPA is a minimum of 3.2 for undergrad students and 3.5 for grad students Do you meet all of these requirements? A Security clearance requires U.S. citizenship, are you willing to pursue a security clearance? TITANS - CURRENT ACADEMIC STATUS What year of academic studies are you in? 2nd year of college When do you expect to graduate? 09/19 What is your current cumulative GPA for each degree level (BS, MS, PhD)? 4.00 What are your current total credit hours earned? 77.0 TITANS - SKILLS AND INTERESTS What do youShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesManagers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational Practices? 30 Point/Counterpoint Lost in Translation? 31 Questions for Review 32 Experiential Exercise Workforce Diversity 32 Ethical Dilemma Jekyll and Hyde 33 Case Incident 1 â€Å"Lessons for ‘Undercover’ Bosses† 34 Case

Philosophy Paper Free Essays

In this paper, I will discuss euthanasia and demonstrate its immoral implications using J. Gay-Williams’ essay, â€Å"The Wrongfulness of Euthanasia†; more specifically his attempt to show the wrongfulness of euthanasia through an argument from nature. I believe that the argument is valid and presents a very good approach for those who are opposed to euthanasia. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Below is my effort to summarize this view by placing it in the standard argument format. Argument from Nature ) If there is a person in a situation, where a natural instinct compels them to take action, it is morally wrong to intentionally suppress that instinct. 2) In all euthanasia cases, there is a doctor is in a situation where their patient’s natural instinct compels them to survive. 3) Therefore, in all euthanasia cases, it is morally wrong for a doctor to intentionally suppress their patient’s natural instinct to survive. The argument above is derived from part one of Gay-Williams essay. He begins his discussion of the argument from nature by asserting that each person â€Å"has a natural inclination to continue living†. He displays this furthermore by explaining, that everything about the composition of a human organism has been designed to have a conditioned reaction that makes â€Å"the continuation of life a natural goal. † It is by this rationale he claims, â€Å"that euthanasia sets us against our own nature. † In order to further demonstrate the argument’s validity and good quality, I will explain how it follows all the rules of a good argument. The rules are as follows: 1) all the premises are reasonable 2) the conclusion follows 3) the argument does not beg the question. Premise one may be better explained in and of itself through an example having to do with a general, natural instinct. One example could be when someone is in a situation in which their family is put in harms way when an intruder with sinister motives enters their house. It is a natural reaction to protect that which belongs to you (in this situation your property-your â€Å"territory† and your blood- your family). To stand idly by and witness attacks upon your family and home, without in any way, making an effort to stop the attacks, would require an ntentional suppression of a natural instinct. Premise two becomes more specific by stating that in euthanasia cases throughout, a doctor is always in a situation in which their patient’s natural instincts compel them (for as we saw in the quotes from J. Gay-Williams, a human’s conditioned response in all situations-based on the make-up of the body-is to function in a way that would always enable (or lean towards) co ntinuity. ) to survive. The way to show that this argument follows rule number two is to reveal its logical pattern. ) If there is P (a person in a situation), where Q (a natural instinct compels them to take an action), it is R (morally wrong to intentionally suppress that instinct). 2) In all S (euthanasia cases), there is P (a doctor in a situation), where Q (their patient’s natural instinct compels them to survive). 3) Therefore, in all S (euthanasia cases), it is R (morally wrong for a doctor to intentionally suppress their patient’s natural instinct to survive). I think that this argument is good. The way in which Gay-Williams went about presenting his case was commendable. He did make brief reference to there being a God, and that human beings are supposed to act as â€Å"trustee of his body†, and in taking a life or our own, humans are acting against him. However, it seemed as though he was keeping in mind that many people might not share the same beliefs as he, and therefore needed to have rational arguments against euthanasia which pertained in no way to faith or religion. This was the admirable thing, because it seems that many times religious people, although trying to argue an important idea, seem to have no rational approach and end up â€Å"Bible-thumping†, and coming across as ignorant. One objection someone might have to this argument would be to premise two. Someone might say that the premise is generalizing when it says â€Å"all euthanasia cases†, because in certain cases of euthanasia a person might not be being kept alive through natural means any longer (such as: artificial life support); therefore, it can’t be said that the person’s natural instinct is to survive because without life support the person would have already died thus following the natural instinct towards death. My response to this objection would be the following: in my interpretation of J. Gay-Williams argument from nature, I used â€Å"In all euthanasia cases, there is a doctor is in a situation where their patient’s natural instinct compels them to survive. † As my second premise. And I must admit, that with this as the second premise, the argument is flawed as the objector revealed. However, if I were to make the second premise not end with â€Å"natural instinct compels them to survive† and rather put â€Å"natural instinct compels them† then it wouldn’t be a flawed argument. This is because it would merely be adding a twist on the argument, which Gay-Williams did not come right out and say, but it is implied. This twist that is implied is that it is morally wrong to go against any natural human instinct, and this includes the natural instinct of dying. Maybe then, the problem of removing someone or not removing someone from life support would no longer be the problem, due to the fact that artificial life support is preventing some people from allowing their bodies to follow the natural instinct to die. Now of course this seems a bit morbid, and I’m not at all suggesting that modern technology and what it can do to save lives is morally wrong, I’m simply showing what other routes this argument from nature implies. How to cite Philosophy Paper, Papers Philosophy Paper Free Essays While I have not personally experienced being in a position to choose between life and death, I have always been curious as to how such a decision could be made with complete consideration of ethical principles. I am particularly interested in the fact that the law recognizes the right of a patient to refuse medical treatment. This right includes the refusal of life-saving treatment, which could lead to death. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now The expression of a patient’s refusal could be made either before the administration of the treatment or at a prior and advanced time, well ahead of future incompetence (Michalowski). The recognition by the law of the patient’s right is so strong and resolute, such that the disregard of the patient’s wishes through the administration of medical treatment despite his refusal would amount to battery (Michalowski). However, despite the legal principles allowing, in certain circumstances, the decision to curtail a life or to halt the provision of life support systems, the question in my mind remains. Does a decision to continue or discontinue a life violative of an ethical principle? If so, I wonder up to what extent a decision to curtail or prolong one’s life would the action still be considered ethical. A patient is a person who has the right to decide everything that has to do with his own life. A popular position on this quandary is that together with this person’s right comes the responsibility to act responsibly. Before a patient’s refusal of medical treatment, it must be ensured that he is competent to make such an important decision. It must be ensured that he is apprised of all the facts necessary for him to make an intelligent decision. Thus, the patient must be told about the â€Å"nature and purpose of the procedure. † When making the decision, the patient must not be influenced by external factors. Finally, it must be made clear that the decision would apply to future circumstances (Michalowski, 2005). However, learning and understanding utilitarianism, an ethical theory developed by popular philosophers Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, I could not help but apply the theory in the situation described above. According to these philosophers, moral value of human actions should depend on the effect of such action on people (West). Thus, they did not believe that other factors, such as motive or will, have anything to do with morality (West). Indeed, utilitarianism has captured the interest of many people because it is often used to justify the morality of certain human actions, based on practical considerations. Following Bentham’s philosophy, the quandary could be resolved by taking into account the things that possibly motivate a man in his actions. Bentham and Mill worked on the assumption that only two possible things could motivate man (Online Guide to Ethics and Moral Philosophy). These are pleasure and pain. Man naturally desires happiness, but wants to avoid pain (West). The two utilitarian philosophers likewise believed that man only has one end, and such end is happiness, which is brought about by pleasure (Bentham; West). Thus, they formulated a thesis that holds that human action would be considered morally right or wrong, depending on whether it tends to promote happiness for the greatest number of people to promote happiness for the greatest number of people (Bentham). If so, such act would be morally right. Following Bentham’s rationalizations of his notion of utilitarianism, the dilemma could be analyzed following four points. First, it should be recognized that pain and pleasure play a fundamental role in human life (Online Guide to Ethics and Moral Philosophy). Thus, in the given scenario, both pain and pleasure would play out in varying degrees among the people involved, such as the patient, his friends and his family. Thereafter, it should be considered how human action gets the approval or disapproval of society. According to Bentham, such judgment by society is based on the action’s consequences (Online Guide to Ethics and Moral Philosophy). Thus, in application, the act of prolonging life support could affect society’s approval or non-approval depending on the consequences evoked by such an act, such as prolonged life or otherwise. The next consideration would involve the fact that pleasure is equated with good while pain is equated with evil (Online Guide to Ethics and Moral Philosophy). Finally, for utilitarian philosophers like Bentham, pleasure and pain could be measured through â€Å"quantification (Online Guide to Ethics and Moral Philosophy). † Thus, in the given scenario, I could rule on the morality of an act depending on certain criteria of evaluating pain or pleasure, such as the effected the consequences of the act of removing life support vis-a-vis the act of letting it continue. Thus, while other philosophies might accept the act of curtailing a person’s life based solely on the principle of patient autonomy, utilitarianism would not readily acquiesce in such a decision. Considerations based on the pain or pleasure it would impose on various interested stakeholders would have to be made. Only the solution that could offer the greatest happiness to the greatest number of people would be recognized by utilitarianism as the ethical course of action. Works Cited Bentham, Jeremy. An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. London: Wilson Pickering, 1823. Michalowski, S. â€Å"Advance Refusals of Life-Sustaining Medical Treatment: The Relativity of an Absolute Right†. The Modern Law Review Limited 68. 6 (2005): 958-982. Online Guide to Ethics and Moral Philosophy. â€Å"Utilitarianism. † 2002. 19 Nov. 2008. http://caae. phil. cmu. edu/Cavalier/80130/part2/sect9. html. West, H. R. â€Å"Utilitarianism. † Encyclop? dia Britannica. 20 Nov. 2008. http://www. utilitarianism. com/utilitarianism. html. How to cite Philosophy Paper, Papers

Leadership Attributes in Public Health Essay Example For Students

Leadership Attributes in Public Health Essay Describe the leadership attributes you aspire to. Include your reasoning on why you selected these attributes in relation to your role in public health.598 wordsManaging public health organizations, solving problems, and dealing with crises require a competent leader who possesses certain personal attributes and specific skills that enhance leadership effectiveness in boosting participation and commitment among the team members to attain the set goals (Merson, et al., 2012). Being a well oriented leader and a decent listener require a strong and adherent team with defined and shared goals. Public health Leader should emphasis on building a strong team with definite and shared objectives to maintain involvement in multidisciplinary health promotion which facilitates health services delivery for the whole community. Lawton et. al. (2013) argued that Coordination with the health promotion team requires a strong leadership model to be able to operate the health framework. Each leader needs to work as a member of the whole team to maintain the process wheel and reach a competent leadership level. Greenblatt (2014) believed that a manager who uses aggressive or coercive manner regularly to motivate the employees, in vital circumstances, spirit and enthusiasm will be lost. Respectively, it is not expected that such demotivated employees would be dedicated greatly to the required task. In fact, the list of the leadership attributes is endless but the qualities which meet the task requirements, as well as, satisfy majority of employees are the following: Communication is a two-way track, so being an effective communicator needs decent listening and virtuous speaking (Sprenger, 2014). Sharing information with the employees motivate t. .., (2013) â€Å"10 Key Attributes of Successful Leaders†, Business Acceleration Infocenter, Available at: http://thevarguy. com/business-acceleration-infocenter/10-key-attributes-successful-leaders, (Accessed April 9, 2014).O’Toole, J., (1995) â€Å"Leading Change: Overcoming the Ideology of Comfort and the Tyranny of Custom†, Jossey-Bass Publishers, Available at: https://www.minneapolisfed.org/publications_papers/pub_display.cfm?id=3694, (Accessed April 6, 2014). Sprenger, M., (2014) â€Å"Eight Attributes of a Great Leader’ The Leadership Brain For Dummies†, The Leadership Brain For Dummies, Available at: http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/eight-attributes-of-a-great-leader.html, Accessed April 7, 2014.Merson, M. H., R. E. Black, and A. J. Mills, (2012) â€Å"Global Health: Diseases, Programs, Systems, and Policies†, Burlington: Jones Bartlett Learning, pp. 690-699

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow Essay Example

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow Paper The humanistic approach was developed mainly by Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow in the United States during the 1950s. According to Cartwright (1979), humanistic psychology is concerned with topics that are meaningful to human beings, focusing especially upon subjective experience and the unique, unpredictable events in individual human lives. Humanistic psychologists tend to focus on personal responsibility and freewill and lay a great deal of stress upon personal experience. There is a great deal of reliance on phenomenology, which involves reporting on pure experience with no attempts to interpret it. The humanistic approach is fundamentally positive as it regards humans essentially trustworthy, with the potential for personal growth and fulfilment, providing they are within the appropriate circumstances. In early life if children receive unconditional positive regard then they should develop satisfactory, (Rogers, 1959). However, if they experience conditions of worth conditional positive regard, they will only feel worthy if they match those conditions. They are then prevented from realising their potential and becoming self-actualised. A person who is moving toward actualising their potential is called a fully functioning person. The Social environment and the actions of others can determine whether a person can develop into a fully functioning person. The humanistic approach regards intention and ethical values as important psychological forces which determine behaviour in addition to social forces and unconscious motivations. The focus is not on the past, but how the person perceives the world as here and now. Maslows hierarchy of needs is often used to summarize the belief of humanistic psychology. It assumes that we are all born with certain needs that need to be met. Without meeting these needs we are unable to continue with a healthy life and move upwards on the hierarchy. The needs are unconscious rather than known; each level is instigated as people are unsatisfied at each level. Needs at lower levels are fulfilled before later levels. People can be fixed at one level. We will write a custom essay sample on Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Physiological needs such as food and water are at the bottom on the hierarchy, followed by security and safety needs. Next on the hierarchy are needs for love and belongingness, and then followed by esteem needs. The final need on the hierarchy is the need for self-actualisation. According to Maslow, individuals have a need for self-actualisation. Self-actualisation is the highest level of need on Maslows hierarchy and is achieved once all our basic needs have been met and fulfilled and the actualisation of the full personal potential takes place. The theory emphasizes on motivation as the key factor to understand human behaviour we are all motivated to achieve self-actualisation, and to move up along the hierarchy of needs. Maslow (1954) identified Abraham Lincoln and Albert Einstein as self-actualised individuals. Humanists disagree with Freud that the majority of who we are is buried in the unconscious, deep beyond our awareness. Maslow believed that we are aware of our needs and drives and without the obstacles of life we would all become psychologically healthy individuals with a deep understanding of ourselves and the world around us. A key assumption with the humanistic approach is that unlike the determinist view of psychoanalytic theories, we very much have freewill and have the awareness and potential to change and develop. Carl Rogers developed a fundamental assumption of humanistic psychology with the idea of self-concept. He talked about healthy development in terms of how an individual perceives their own being. A healthy individual will tend to see congruence between their sense of who they are (self) and who they feel they should be (ideal). While no one tends to experience perfect congruence at all times throughout their lives, the relative degree of congruence between the self and the ideal is seen as an indicator of health. The case I have chosen to try to understand from a humanistic approach is about Daniel the 35 year old salesman who has been experiencing acute pains in his chest. His GP has found no obvious physical symptoms of ill health; although Daniel is reluctant to acknowledge that his chest pain is linked to stress. There are a number of issues that can be explored here using the humanistic approach to develop an understanding as to why Daniel is behaving in this way. Daniel has recently been through a divorce and has been living on his own since. An obvious assumption which can be made from the humanistic approach would be to suggest that since his divorce, Daniels love and belongingness needs may not be met sufficiently. Maslow would suggest that Daniel may be feeling much more aware of his loneliness since the absence of his partner. These feelings of loneliness usually occur once our basic needs have been met and our needs for love and belongingness become much more important motivations of our behaviour. Without his partner, he may also be lacking the support and security he was use to, adding to the stress he now faces at work. A second key factor to understanding Daniels behaviour is linked to his work. He describes himself as being very stressed at work, even more so since he has been reallocated from a major project he was leading to take charge of a basic but demanding sales task.

Cavour essays

Cavour essays Of the three main figures of the Italian Risorgimento, Cavour best understood how to use nationalism to achieve his goal. Mazzini failed to gain support of the majority of the people, while Garibaldi merely provided military assistance. What neither man understood was the importance of Foreign aid. Mazzini even went as far as to oppose assistance from outside, thinking that if Italy were to gain independence on its own, the bonds within the country would be stronger. He failed to think of the consequences should they not succeed. Cavour however knew how to gain support of the people and recognized the importance of foreign aid. As stated by Geoffrey Bruun, To... work out a formula whereby the Italian people and their rulers could be united called for patience, insight, moderation, compromise and political realism. One man who combined these qualities in the requisite proportions was Camillo di Cavour. (Bruun 63) Cavour showed Nationalistic traits for most of his life. At the age of ten, he was enrolled in military school, but by age 18, his nationalism was already emerging and with it came complications which eventually led to imprisonment and later, his resignation. During his military career, he was transferred to Genoa where he met people with the same political views as himself. Many of them belonged to a rebel uprising group, the Carbonari. After the French Revolutions of 1830, Sardinian officials felt that Cavour showed too much interest in there outcomes and, thinking that he might want the same sort of situation in Piedmont, imprisoned him. Upon his release 8 months later, he promptly resigned. For the next sixteen years, he spent his time developing his fathers estate, but never forgetting his liberal and nationalistic ideas. He frequented the English House of Commons, and read many books concerning the British system of government which, eventually, became the foundation for the Italian system. In 1833, ...

Gas prices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Gas prices - Essay Example A vast majority of machines in different industries are powered by gas. Apart from the industrial utility of gas, it is an extremely important element of the modern age life style. In the contemporary age, there is massive consumption of gas even on the domestic level. We use gas heaters, gas ovens, gas stoves, and gas lamps. In addition to the in-house consumption of gas, a vast majority of vehicles on the roads use gas as a secondary fuelling source that works as efficiently as petrol does. The voluminous increase in the use of natural gas does not accord with its declining natural reserves. There is an inverse relationship between the two. Gas prices have risen almost all over the world in the past few years. Much of the rapid increase in the gas prices that has occurred in the recent years can be attributed to the inverse relationship between gas production and consumption rate. Current rate of gas consumption is alarming, and gas prices are likely to increase further if the curr ent consumption rates sustain over next few years. Solution: Solution of this problem lies in wise utilization of the remaining gas. It is not advisable to completely stop the use of gas stoves or gas ovens because no alternative has yet been realized that would give better or even the same results as gas stoves or ovens do.